Publication
Abstract: The environment, human health, and animals are all at risk as a result of the pervasive use of chemical-based products to control ticks and lice in animals, mostly dogs. This investigation was designed to assess the efficacy and physicochemical properties of an acaricidal soap for canines that was formulated using Azadirachta indica and Carica papaya leaf extracts. The soap was intended to be effective against Rhipicephalus sanguineus (dog ticks). Following an experimental design, the investigation was consistent with Sustainable Development Goal #9 on Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. Assessing the acaricidal activity of the extracts, developing the detergent, evaluating its physicochemical characteristics, and determining its median Lethal Dose (LD50) were all components of the process. While soap development took place at the University of Northern Philippines, other experiments were carried out at a reference laboratory. The final concentration of the soap was 20 mg/g, achieved by combining 13 mL of extracts (100 mg/mL each) with 65 g of soap constituents. The soap had a greenish-brown color, a smooth texture, a light, pleasant smell, and a pH of 7.9. There was a 14.2 cm height of foam, a 5.2 cm of foam retention, 20% moisture content, 29% total fatty matter, and 0.20% of alkali content. The soap exhibited an earlier onset of acaricidal activity (7–9 hours) compared to a commercial herbal soap (10-12 hours), and both soaps achieve 100% tick mortality within 15 hours. The combined extract's LD50 was 2,933 mg/g body weight. The soap that has been developed is safe, efficacious, and has the potential for further refinement and commercial development.
Keywords: Lethal Dose 50 (LD50), Total Alkali Content, Foaming Index, Moisture Content, Sustainable Development Goal 9
Abstract: The study determined the larvicidal activity of the different concentrations of Spondias purpurea and Hylocereus costaricensis extracts by measuring percent mortality in Aedes aegypti larvae, a primary vector of dengue and other arboviral diseases. The hypothesis proposed that combining both extracts would yield greater larvicidal activity due to potential synergistic interactions. Ethanolic extraction was used to isolate a wide array of phytochemicals. Third- to fourth-instar larvae were exposed to the extracts using WHO standard bioassay methods, and mortality was recorded over a six-hour period. Phytochemical screening revealed active compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, and glycosides. Results showed that the 100% concentrations of both individual extracts had high larvicidal activity, while their 100:100% combination exhibited mortality comparable to 1% Malathion, the positive control. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between treatments and control groups (p<0.05), though post hoc tests were not conducted. The novelty of this study lies in the combined use of native Philippine plant extracts as a natural larvicide-an approach not previously reported. The larvicidal effects may be attributed to multiple phytochemical mechanisms, including neurotoxicity, membrane disruption, and enzyme inhibition. The findings highlight the potential of these plant extracts, particularly in combination, as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic larvicides. Further research is recommended to evaluate their environmental safety, determine LDso values, assess long-term efficacy, and test performance in real breeding habitats.
Keywords: Larvicide, Instar IV Larvae, Phytochemical Screening, Bio-Agent, Synergistic Effect
On-going
- Development of Molluscicidal Pellets from Dieffencia seguine (Dumb Cane) Leaf Extract Against Pomacea canaliculate (Golden Apple Snail) (2026), SDG 2, 12, 15 – (AFNR-26-1)
- Assessing Program Responsiveness: A Tracer Study of the CHS Graduates (2025), SDG 3, 4, 8 – (E-25-13)
- The Prevalence of Helminthiasis Among Primary Pupils of Villamar Elementary School, Caoayan, Ilocos Sur for the School Year 2025-2026: Basis for a Targeted Health Education Program (2025), SDG 3, 6 – (HN-25-3)
- Sustainable Activities for Empowered and Resilient Community – Care for Human and its Syste, (SAFER-CHS) Extension Program: An Assessment (2024), SDG 3, 5, 10 – (SS-24-25)
Awards
- LOCAL
- BEST PAPER-Development of Acaricidal Soap for Azadiracta Indica (Neem Tree) Leaf Extract and Carica Papaya Leaf Extract, 8th Regional Research Congress, September 27, 2025, UNP, Vigan City
Presentation
- Sustainable Communities for Empowered and Resilient Community Care for Humans and its System (SAFER-CHS):An assessment (2026), SDG 3, 11, 16, 17
- Development of an Acaricidal Soap from Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Carica papaya Leaf Extracts (2025), SDG 3, 12, 15
- Development of an Acaricidal Soap from Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Carica papaya Leaf Extracts (2024), SDG 3, 12, 15
- Larvicidal Activity of Spondeas purpurea (Dragon Fruit) and Hylocereus costaricensis (Sineguelas) Extracts against Aedes aegypti (2022), SDG 3, 12, 13
- Alumni Tracer Study on the BMLS Graduates (2021), SDG 3, 4, 8, 17
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